Acids, Bases and the pH scale 10/30/17-11/3/17

What are the properties of an acid? Well, acids are very corrosive to metals, they taste sour, feel sticky, have a positive ion and they turn litmus paper red. Litmus paper is a piece of paper that when put in a substance turns a certain color depending on its acidity. A base is a substance that is not very acidic. Some of its properties are that it tastes bitter, is slippery or slimy, they are also corrosive to metals, turn litmus paper blue and they have a negative ion. But what's in the middle? If the substance is not an acid or a base then it is a neutral. A neutral is like water and they don't do anything to litmus paper. There are also ways to neutralize acids and bases. Sense they are opposites all you have to do is add them together. For when you add a acid to a base or a base to an acid you will always get at least water and salt which are both neural substances. One way that you can find out if something is neutralized or not is if you use indicator. You add indicator, that will change its color to match the universal indicator pH color chart or scale, and either the acid or the base. Then you have to add an acid to the base or a base to the acid until the substance turns the color green or the universal indicator color for neutral. But what is the pH scale? The pH scale is a color scale that tells you the amount or acidity that is in a substance.

S&EP

SP3: Planning and carrying out investigations

We did experiments with the pH scale and neutralizing acids and bases. We used everyday household substances like detergent, water and vinegar. We added those to indicator to test our knowledge of the pH scale and how it works and used that to find out how acidic or basic it was. We then neutralized vinegar and baking soda solution.

XCC

XCC: Energy and matter

Energy and matter are involved in acids, bases and the pH scale because energy is a part of the different ions that are properties of both acids and bases. Matter is involved because they are both types of matter.

Using reactions to figure things out 10/23/17-10/27/17

https://kcls.bibliocommons.com/events/57f3f225a07b3901005914b6

Do you know how to classify a reaction? Classifying reactions is when you figure out if the reaction is a Single or double displacement, synthesis, or Decomposition reactions. A single displacement reaction is where one molecule will trade one part or piece of its particle with a different type of atom leaving the traded atom on its own. A double displacement is where two different molecule will trade one part of its molecule with the others, leaving the two 'rejects' together. A synthesis reaction is when two or more atoms come together to create one thing. A decomposition reaction is when a molecule breaks into its separate pieces leaving each part on its own.Not only that but there are two different ways that energy is involved in reactions. Endothermic and Exothermic are the two different ways that energy can be involved in a reaction. An endothermic reaction is a reaction where the products have more energy then the reactant therefor absorbing the energy in the surrounding materials. An exothermic reaction is a reaction where the reactants have more energy then the products therefore the reaction let out heat or energy into its surroundings.  Endothermic reactions are warm because of the energy transfer where as exothermic reaction are cold because of the energy transfer. Reactions are often used to find unknown items. This is done by making chemical reactions between known things and the unknown thing using the same reactants and seeing how each one is different and similar throughout the reaction to identify the unknown substance.


S&EP
SP4: Analyzing data

We analyzed data when we used chemical reactions to figure out a unknown substance. We had to analyze what happened when we added one substance to another. We had to analyze what happened and make a conclusion on what that unknown substance was. When we had fully analyzed the data we found out that the unknown substance was baking powder.

XCC
XCC: Energy and Matter

Energy and matter take part in reactions because of the energy transfer and the fact that they are a catalyst which means that they are used to start reactions. Energy is transferred through chemical reactions in two different ways. endothermic and exothermic reactions. A catalyst is a substance like water or energy or heat that is used to speed up or slow down the rate of a chemical reaction. Matter takes place in chemical reactions through the fact that all of the parts of a chemical reaction is matter.

Chemical Reactions and Equations 10/16/17-10/20/17

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Electrolysis_of_Water.png

        What is a chemical reaction? A chemical reactions is when one or more molecules come together and their bonds break and reform to make something new. A chemical equation is what we use to show what is happening in the chemical reaction (as shown above). When you read a chemical equation the + separates the two or more molecules either in the reactants side (the left side) or the product side ( the right side). The arrow shows which was the chemical reaction is going. So if the chemical reaction is reversible then the arrow will point in both directions, if the equation is not reversible then the arrow will point towards the product side of the chemical reaction. But what if the equation isn't balanced? If the equation is not balanced then you have to balance it because according to the law of conservation mass. The law of conservation mass states that matter can not be lost nor gained nor change its identity. To balance a chemical equation you must first draw a box around all of your reactants and products, for neither the elements nor the subscripts can be changed you can only add coefficients. Next you would take your inventory. This means you would count all of the atoms in the  equation that you have at hand. You must keep your inventory updated, so do not use a pen that is not erasable. After this you would have to add coefficients in front of the boxes. Then you take inventory again. You must repeat this process until you have the same number of atoms on both sides. Though, sometimes the amount of coefficients you added can be simplified so you can divide the coefficients on both sides of the equation by the same number to simplify the amount of coefficients but be sure to take inventory after you do so to make sure that your answer is still correct.

S&EP

SP5: Using Mathematics

          We used mathematics to help us determine the amount of atoms in a equation. We had to multiply to figure out the number of atoms in a when we added a coefficient. We also had to do math when we figured out what how many coefficients we had to add to a certain element or molecule in the equation.

                                                                           XCC
                                                         XCC: Energy and Matter

"Energy and Matter change forms but are not created nor destroyed". Energy and matter take place everywhere in chemical reactions and equations. Matter is a part of the Law of conservation mass. For the law of conservation of mass states that matter cannot be lost nor gained or switch identities during a chemical reaction. 

Counting Atoms 10/9/17-10/13/17

http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks3/science/chemical_material_behaviour/compounds_mixtures/revision/4/

What is counting atoms and how do you do it? Counting atoms is literally finding out how many atoms are in a certain formula. Like the one above. How do you do it? Easy, as you know each element can only have one capitol letter in each chemical symbol, like Na or S, so each time you see a capitol letter you know it's a new element. But what about the numbers at the bottom? The numbers at the bottom are called subscripts they tell you how many atoms of that element there are. But what if there's no subscript that means that their is one of that element.  Though, sometimes parts of the formula is in parenthesis like this Na2(SO4)3 this means that you would multiply the amount of atoms in the parenthesis by the number out side of it. so we would end up getting Na2S3O12 because we multiplied the number of atoms inside the parenthesis by the number outside of it. Then we have formulas that look like this 3Na2SO4. The 3 at the start of the formula is called a coefficient. A coefficient is a number at the start of the formula that tells you how many of the whole entire formula do you have. once you have figured out the coefficients and subscripts and parenthesis then you can do the math. You find out how many atoms of each elements there are - using the coefficients, subscripts and parenthesis- then you add together the number of atoms there are. so for the picture above there would be 7 atoms in all.

S&EP

SP5: using mathematics

We used mathematics to help us determine the amount of atoms in a formula. We had to multiply to figure out the number of atoms in a parenthesis and when their are a coefficient. We also had to add when we added together the number of atoms of each element to find out what the number of atoms in our formula was.

XCC

XCC:structure and function

i think that this is an example of structure and function because the structure of a molecule determines the function of the same molecule. This is because if H2O didn't have the same formula/structure it would not have the same function. I think that this relates to the topic of formula because of the reason above. It also relates to formulas and counting atoms because the structure of the formula is different than another molecule's structure which is why they have different functions.

Periodic Table of slimes 10/1/17--10/6/17

         In this project we were required to make a periodic table of something. Our group chose to make a periodic table of slimes. While we made this project I was able to learn what Trends are in the periodic table. Trends are how you table works as in what does it increase by going down the line or across.  I also learned more about the constructing of the Periodic table. I learn that it is a lot harder than it looks to make the periodic table because you had to make sure that everything is in the right pattern and that everything is placed where it has to be. I also learned that in the periodic table elements actually have a lot more in common because they are always slowly increasing and sometimes they can share the same atomic mass. This I thought was cool.

Backwards-Looking

One of the problem my group encountered well we were doing this project is that we did not know what we wanted to make our atomic mass be. Meaning what numbers would we add to our atomic number and how would those connect to our periodic table and not just be random numbers. We ended up making our atomic mass our atomic number plus wavelength. Wavelength is the colors number so we added that slimes color number to its atomic number.

Inward-looking

I think that I had very high standards for this project because I felt as though I should be able to excel at it because we had spent a while on this topic and I was comfortable with it. I also had a lot of knowledge on this topic. I think that I meet my standards because I like the piece of work that I made and I think that it is a very good piece of work and that it has a lot of good things in it that I really like. I also like the way we organized it and the way that we were able to make it.

Outward-Looking

I think that we did our work different then others because we had a different process. We started making our project by making the table outline and putting all of the slimes in their appropriate places before we started to make our different element symbols and or atomic masses and out atomic numbers. The ways that we made it similar though is that we did it the same process is that we made the key and the abstract lats. I also think we did ours differently because we made ours have 7-8 periods depending on on what column you are in, where as the other groups made their with about 4-5 periods.

Forwards-looking

If I had a chance to re-do this project I would probably put more time into the abstract. I mean our abstract was very good and I like it but I feel as though we probably could make it better next time. I think that we also did most of it at home so it was harder to collaborate on it so we didn't have all the same ideas heard. But other then that I think that i would not change anything else because I feel we did good on it.

the Periodic table Connections, patterns and why it matters 9/24/17 - 9/29/17

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:14LaAc_periodic_table_IIb.jpg

             The periodic table did not always look like it does today, actually there didn't use to be one; The periodic table has a very interesting history. It was created by Dmitri Mendeleev, he needed a way to organize all the elements so that it made sense and that he could keep track of his work. Some say that he was inspired by the russian card game solitaire. This is a game where you organize the cards by suit horizontally and number vertically. He made himself a deck of cards. The deck had 63 cards after that he started organizing them. First he started organizing them by patterns. Soon he realized that some of the elements that reacted the same way actually were a lot like each other. Some people have made a connection to how a family is you are all slightly different but mostly the same. But some of the other elements reacted completely different but had things in common. Almost like a friend group you don't look like each other but you might like the same things. This is why their is one familiar pattern in the periodic table, this is the pattern that all of the elements in the first family all have one electron in the outer shell and the one next to it has 2 and the row next to that has 3 so the number of electrons slowly increase. Mendeleev's work has made chemistry way easier for us. he made many connections and patterns for the rest of us to make and notice. It is one of the important things that shaped the face of chemistry and the way we understand it.

S&EP
SP2 Models

We created models in class because we are making our own periodic table to understand the connections and the patterns that were built into the periodic table. We are making this model of the periodic table because it helps us understand periodic table and the way that it was created. We are also doing this so we can see and better our understanding of how to read the periodic table. 

XCC
XCC Energy and Matter

Energy and matter take part in the Periodic Table  because the system of the periodic table contains many different types of matter. One is a solid and one is a gas. Energy takes part in the system of the periodic table because the elements all conduct different amounts of energy. Matter and energy are a huge part of the periodic table because they are an important part of each element and how it is placed on the table.

Multiplier

I think that I was the Initiator this week because I was able to take charge in my group. I also think this because I was constantly making sure that everyone had a part and that every one was on task. I was also asking the questions of who was going to do what and what we should do about some parts of our project.

Letter to NSF (National Science Foundation)

Dear NSF (National Science Foundation),

Hello. I am writing to tell you that you are completely wrong to say that Dmitri Mendeleev is crazy and that he should be shut down. For he is about to make a discovery that could change the face of chemistry. I predict that it will be a very big discovery and will be taught all over the earth. I have constructed the following letter to show and explain to you why he should not be shut down and his work is accurate.

        First off Dmitri Mendeleev is not the only great scientist to ever think this. Not saying that he is copying other scientist, but it is truly a matter that was not made up. In the article History of the periodic table by Royal Society of Chemistry, in 1865 John Newlands also arranged the elements. He arranged the 62 known elements by atomic mass into 8 columns just like Mendeleev. He did produce some misalignment's, but he also predated Mendeleev's newer prediction of the element in between Silicon and Tin. But then Newlands did not make his table so that it could hold the other elements like Mendeleev is doing. He also did not find an order that went beyond his data like Mendeleev is now doing. Not only but the article History of the periodic table by Royal Society of Chemistry, in 1829 German Chemist Johann Döbereiner published the Law of Triads. This was the concept that elements could be grouped into groups of three based on the things that they had in common. This concept is now still being studied by many of scientists including Mendeleev as they try to find a way that the elements can be grouped that is more then 3.

Second this periodic table is no laughing stock. It according to the video The Discovery of the Periodic Table story of Dmitri Mendeleev by Jessica Henry and the Articles  History of the periodic table by Royal Society of Chemistry and Inventors and Scientists: Dmitri Mendeleev by Michelle Feder, Dmitri Mendeleev is organizing the elements in a certain way. This is a way that could prove to help the future of elements discoveries and what people think if when they hear science. Here are a few examples. In the video The Discovery of the Periodic Table story of Dmitri Mendeleev by Jessica Henry it says that " His first table was compiled around the idea that he could organize the elements by atomic weight the number of protons and neutrons" In the article Inventors and Scientists: Dmitri Mendeleev by Michelle Feder, it says that "Mendeleev was said to have been inspired by the card game known as Solitaire. In the game,cards are arranged both by suit, horizontally, and by number, vertically." It also says that "Mendeleev made up a set of cards. Each represented one of the 63 elements known at the time... He arranged and rearranged the cards in various orders constantly.... While arranging these cards of atomic data, Mendeleev discovered what is called the Periodic Law. Mendeleev arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass...Finally, he noticed some gaps in the order of atomic mass" That shows that he has actually found real connections between the elements which is also very important. In the article History of the periodic table by Royal Society of Chemistry it says that "This table consisted of about half of the known elements listed in order of their atomic weight and demonstrated periodic changes as a function of atomic mass."

Some people ask me "Well what properties is Dmitri Mendeleev looking at?" Well the answer to that would be Atomic Mass, Atomic Weight, Patterns in increasing atomic weight/mass and the similar ways the act or react. So basically all of the atoms properties which would mean he would get very accurate. Another question people ask me is "Does Size Matter?". Well I would actually say yes, seeing as atomic mass and atomic weight is how many protons and neutrons there are in the atom or element which is technically size. The last main question I get asked would be "Does atomic mass matter?". One Hundred percent, Dmitri Mendeleev is organizing the elements by atomic weight and increasing atomic mass so how could it not matter. It says in the two articles and in the one video that he is organizing the by atomic mass and weight so it definitely does matter. The answers to these questions should show you just how accurate Dmitri Mendeleev is being.

Dmitri Mendeleev is try to get as accurate as possible so that not only he gets a way to organize the elements when he works but so that he can give chemists and scientist all across the globe a accurate lead to discovering elements that might still be out there. Mendeleev is looking at many of the properties of the elements so that he makes sure that they are placed correctly. Dmitri Mendeleev is so close to making a discovery that would change so much about chemistry and would help those studying it today with studying it. I hope that this is enough information to help you with you suspicions about how his work does not make sense and he should be shut down.

Sincerely,

Jane

The Periodic Table 9/11/17 - 9/15/17

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Talk%3AAlternative_periodic_tables

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:
Spiral_Periodic_Table.jpg

                     

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
File:Periodic_Table_Chart.png

Wouldn't it be awesome if our periodic table looked like it does in the top corners? Well it could be if it fit in our textbooks. The only reason that we had the plain old boring square one we have today is because teachers needed to be able to print it in a text book. Well we're speaking of the periodic table. Let's talk about it's history. The periodic table did not always look like it does today, actually there didn't use to be one. Dmitri Mendeleev invented the periodic table. Only because he needed a way to organize all the elements so that it made sense. So he started organizing them by patterns. Then he realized that some of the elements that reacted the same way actually were a lot like each other. But some of the other elements reacted completely different but had things in common. "You look like your family, but not like your neighbor" is a good saying to describe it. While this might already be confusing but what use if the periodic table if you don't know how to read it? Reading the periodic table is actually easier than you think. The first column that has Hydrogen, Lithium, and Potassium,(H, Li & K) All have one atom in the outer shell of electrons. The second column containing Beryllium, Magnesium, & Calcium, (Be, Mg, & Ca) all have two valence electrons. The third Column that contains Boron and Aluminum (B & Al) all have 3 valence electrons. Can you guess the fourth column? Let's see they have four valence electrons. The fifth column has five valence electron. The sixth column has six valence electrons.The seventh column has seven valence electrons. The eighth column has eight valence electrons. Then how you find out the Period is how many layers of electrons does the atom have. Then that number determines the row or period.

S&EP

SP2 Using Models

We used models when we were studying the periodic table because we used the periodic table which is a model to help us figure out how to read it. We also used the model of the atom to help find out which element was where on the periodic table. We also used the model of the periodic table to show how all of the elements were organized and why. Also what they had in common. 

XCC

XCC Energy & Matter

Energy and matter take part in the systems that we are studying in class because the system of the periodic table has gases and metals which are two different types of matter. One is a solid and one is a gas. Energy takes part in the system because the elements all conduct different amounts of energy. These are just two examples of how energy and matter take part in the system of the periodic table.

Multiplier

This week I think that I was a learner. I think that I was the learner this week because I was always wanting to know more and I was very interested in the periodic table. I really wanted to know more and I find chemistry very intriguing and it pulls me in to learn more.

Ions, Cations, Anions, and Isotopes 9/5/17 - 9/8/17

https://sciencenotes.org/printable-periodic-table/

Have you ever heard of the periodic table? If your answer was no, the periodic table is a table that is used by scientists to show all of the elements and their properties. Such as the Atomic number the symbol and sometimes the name.  You may be wondering while what is an element an element is a substance made out of one type of atom like an oxygen atom or a helium atom. That brings us to an Ion. An ion is a atom that has lost or gained electrons which will be shown as either a plus or minus symbol next to the symbol of the element. A Cation is a positive Ion which is when an atom has lost electrons giving it a positive charge this is represented by the number of electrons lost and a plus sign following it. An Anion is an atom that has gained electrons giving it  a negative charge which is represented by the number of electrons gained followed by a minus symbol. An Isotope is an element that contains the same amount of protons but not the same amount of neutrons.


S&EP
SP2 Using Models
We used models in class when we were drawing out what the Ions (Cations and Anions) and Isotopes and how they are represented. We used these models to help us see what they looked like and how to represent them when we use them or have to use them to preform a scientific project.

XCC
XCC System and Systematic Models

I see systems in how the Ions, Cations, and Anions are all connected and how they work. Like the system of losing the electrons and how that affects the atom and the system of gaining electrons and how that affects the atoms. I see systems in the ways that the Ions work in the atom.

Multiplier

I feel that I was a Initiator and a Wanderer because I asked questions and got conversations going by going and figuring out ways to help with our papers and sheets but also figuring out ways to use the different sources we were given. I also asked questions that help provoke people to get thinking like what do you think if we did it this way or yes but you could also try this.

A Letter to King Arthur 9/6/17

Dear King Arthur,

         I have been researching the crowns your nights have brought me and finally I found the right crown. The right crown was crown 4, brought by Gawain. It was a mass of 3474 g or grams and was a volume of 180 cm3 or centimeters cubed which is a density of 19.3 g/cm3. Which according to the "Density of Some Common Sources Table" is also the density of pure gold. To further explain how my finding is right I have constructed a letter to tell you more about the proof I have.


      The further proof that I have is the material that the other crowns are made out of. Crown 1 brought by Lancelot was a mass 1890 g and a volume of 180 cm3. This created a density of 10.5 g/cm3 which according to the "Density of Some Common Sources Table"  just happens to be the same density as the resource silver. Crown 2 brought by Percival was a mass of 486 g and a volume of 180 cm3. This makes the density of 2.7 g/cm3. Which according to the "Density of Some Common Sources Table" is the density of Aluminum, not gold. Crown 3 which was brought by Bedivere has a mass of 1404 g and a volume of 180 cm3. Which is the density 7.8 g/cm3 which according to the "Density of Some Common Sources Table"  is the same as the density of steel. The last and final crown that is wrong if crown 5 brought by Galahad. It was a mass of 2430 g and was a volume of 180 cm3. This was a density of 13.5 g /cm3  which according to the "Density of Some Common Sources Table" is also the density of lead.

      The definition of density is how much stuff is in a certain space which is where the equation mass or grams (g) divided by volume or centimeters cubed (cm3). This is the equation that I used to find the density of the crowns. I also checked my work so you can believe me with no doubt that Crown 4 brought back by Gawain is the solid gold crown.

             Sincerely,               

Jane Partsch 

Chemistry 8-28-17 - 9-1-17

Did you know that chemistry is much more than just mixing chemicals? Well if you answer to that was no, then you would be surprised. Chemistry is a mixture of Matter, Elements, Mass, Volume, Density and understanding the things around you. Chemistry starts with the Atom. The atom is the building block of life. It is made of Electrons Neutrons and protons. If you made a grapefruit the size of the earth and filled it with blueberries, a blueberry would be the size of an atom. To see the nucleus (The part that contains the protons and neutrons) you would have to make the blueberry as big as a football stadium and the nucleus would be the size of a marble. An element is something that is made up of only one type of atom. A molecule is a mixture of two or more atoms like H2O or CO2. A compound is a molecule that has 2 different types of atoms like the H2O example above. All compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds. This brings us to Matter. Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass, like a piece of paper-mass is how much matter is in something-matter is made up of three things Mass, Volume, and Density - volume is how much space there is- some of you may be familiar with the equation Volume divided by Mass equals density. I like to think that density is the ratio of Mass to Volume. All this info that you just read is only one part of the science that is Chemistry.

S&EP

SP2: Using Models

We used models when we were watching a video on just how big is an atom. We used the model of the grape fruit to explain that if you blew a grapefruit up to the size of the earth the atoms inside would only be the size of a blueberry. We also used the size of a football stadium to show the size of the nucleus. which would be that if we blew that blueberry / atom to the size of a football stadium the nucleus would only be the size of a marble and well everything else in between would just be empty space.

XCC

XCC: Systems and system models

During this week I saw a system on how everything in life was because of Chemistry. I saw this system at school learning about chemistry and putting together all the building blocks of life the elements, atoms, molecules, compounds, matter and how it all came together. I saw it at my house when I was doing my chores and it started me thinking of what everything was made out of how it was made. It all came back to chemistry. The simple building blocks of life that everyone learns in fifth grade and it all came down to a simple but big picture, Chemistry. I saw the system of life through the atoms that make everything. I saw systems in the compounds and molecules that were made of atoms that were the reason we have chemistry I saw the systems in every little part of chemistry, every question I answered, and every model and hands on learning experience that we did. I simply saw systems in the working all around me. This is very much why I feel that systems are important, systems are everywhere, and is a great example of how I can take over the world by learning systems. All because we are a living system.

Multiplier

I think that this week I was a cross between a creator and a initiator because I both asked and answered questions. I also think this because I was always willing to give something my best shot and raise my hand in class to answer questions. But I feel like I was an initiator because I was able to start conversations and ask questions about things.